Special Nutritional Needs of Newborns

If you are feeding your newborn breast milk then there simply will be no need of any type of supplementation except maybe Vitamin D.

However if you are feeding your baby formula be sure to talk with the doctor about vitamin D supplements for your baby. Breast milk and formula may not provide enough vitamin D, which is essential to help your baby absorb calcium and phosphorus — necessary for strong bones. Too little vitamin D may also cause rickets, a softening and weakening of bones.

There are also two points of view in place about whether or not you need to supplement the breast feeding newborn's diet with Vitamin D.

The theory is that if the mother has not had enough sun exposure or vitamin D during her pregnancy then the newborn's diet of breast milk should be supplemented.
The baby may also not need Vitamin D if he or she spends a lot of time outside in the sun. Vitamin D can be synthesized quite simply by the baby when the sun shines on its skin.

If you live in a northern climate where there is not much sun or where you experience a long winter then the baby may definitely need supplementation. In southern climates limit the newborn's exposure and apply sunscreen.

The recommended time that a baby should spend in the sun every day is twenty minutes. It is best to avoid the hours between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. when the sun is at its strongest.

Breast fed infants tend to be better nourished. Breast milk contains lactose, protein and fat and is easily digested by a newborn's immature system.

None of the important antibodies found in breast milk are found in manufactured formula, which means that formula doesn’t provide the baby with the added protection against infection and illness that breast milk does.

Although breast feeding is recommended there may be some women who are unable to provide natural milk to their child for one reason or another. This means feeding your baby with a commercially prepared formula.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulate formula companies to ensure that they provide all the known necessary nutrients (including vitamin D) in their formulas.
Commercial formulas are coming closer to duplicating what is in mother's milk but haven’t matched their exact combination and composition. The substances in breast milk are too complex to identify and imitate so that it is effective.

What to Expect When Your Toddler Starts Eating

Once your baby reaches the one month stage he or she is no longer an infant. The first three years of life are a period of incredible growth in all areas of a baby's development.

Be sure too to read this chapter no matter how old your child is…a lot of wisdom here applies to children and also adults, especially in the nutrition sections.

From one year to two years old the child will learn how to feed him or herself many different foods. You might also see the toddler begin to use utensils such as a fork or a spoon. The toddler will be using actions and words to communicate thoughts and feeling. He or she may be showing you want he or she wants to eat, what he or she finds delicious and what he or she does not want to eat.

You might find the child is more willing to try new foods and be more willing to depend on herself instead of you.

The toddler is also going to start becoming quite messy. They love to play with their food and paint everything with it, including the tray, the big and you. Many toddlers will throw food and plates for fun and also drop food on the floor.

From two years to three years old the toddler might start choosing which foods to eat. He or she might use words to express thoughts and feelings.

This is the age at which your toddler will learn how to tell you he or she is full. This is very important in the long term for the health of your child. Knowing when to stop eating stops your toddler from growing up to be and overweight child.

Pay attention when your toddler makes a fuss about eating a certain food. It could be that the food is too strong in taste, too hot or even that your toddler is having a mild allergic reaction to it.

A happy toddler is not screaming, crying and protesting while eating. He or she may play with the food but usually they see meal time as a positive, even creative experience.

Understanding that your toddler needs to play with food helps they develop in a healthy way later in life.

From one to three years old, your toddler's palate will expand and so will your menu.
• Offer 3-4 healthy choices during mealtimes
• Offer 2-3 healthy snacks a day.
• Stop making separate meals for the toddler and integrate what the whole family is eating into the toddler diet
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One of the most important things you can do for a toddler is to eat at the same time every day. This helps them get used to the idea of meal-time